Abstract

Air Quality Monitoring System is an IoT-based solution designed to measure and analyze environmental air pollutants in real time. The system uses gas sensors to detect harmful gases such as CO₂, CO, LPG, smoke, and particulate matter, and displays the data on a web or mobile application. It helps in identifying pollution levels, ensuring public safety, and supporting environmental monitoring initiatives.

Existing System

1. Manual air sampling and laboratory analysis
2. Government-installed monitoring stations (limited locations)
3. Delayed reporting of pollution data
4. Expensive large-scale monitoring equipment

Limitations:

1. High cost
2. Limited accessibility
3. No real-time alerts for individuals
4. Less portability

Proposed System

1. Real-time air quality monitoring using IoT sensors
2. Gas sensors (MQ series, PM2.5 sensors) for pollutant detection
3. Cloud-based data storage and visualization
4. Mobile/Web dashboard for live tracking
5. Alerts when pollution exceeds safe levels
6. Portable and low-cost design

Software Requirements

1. Programming Language: Python / Embedded C
2. Arduino IDE / Raspberry Pi OS
3. Database: MySQL / Firebase
4. Web Framework: Django / Flask (Optional)
5. Cloud Platform: ThingSpeak / AWS IoT (Optional)
6. Operating System: Windows / Linux

Hardware Requirements

1. Arduino / Raspberry Pi
2. MQ135 Gas Sensor (Air Quality)
3. MQ2/MQ7 Gas Sensors (Smoke/CO)
4. PM2.5 Dust Sensor
5. Temperature & Humidity Sensor (DHT11/DHT22)
6. Wi-Fi Module (ESP8266/ESP32)
7. LCD Display (Optional)
8. Power Supply

Advantages

1. Real-time pollution monitoring
2. Low-cost and portable system
3. Early warning alerts
4. Easy installation
5. Supports environmental awareness

Disadvantages

1. Sensor accuracy may vary
2. Requires regular calibration
3. Internet dependency (for cloud features)
4. Limited coverage area per device